This paper examines the application of the Bt cotton field trials currently underway in Swaziland. This is situated within the broader wave of GM application and trials across the continent, along with the weakening of national biosafety regulations, as part of the GM push across Africa. This paper is based on research on the Swaziland cotton sector conducted by the ACB and Dr. Eva Sirinathsinghji, pursuant to civil society organisation biosafety capacity building workshop held in March 2017.