ACB has responded to the Economic Development Department (EDD) call for comments on the Competition Amendment Bill 2017. The amendments aim to strengthen the powers of the competition authorities to proactively investigate and develop remedies to deconcentrate markets. Although we do not agree with EDD’s entire approach to concentration (for example, that concentration and economies of scale can have public interest benefits in the long term), we do agree that excessive concentration and racially-skewed ownership characterise the South African economy, and that it is a political imperative to redress these imbalances. Overall ACB supports the amendments and will work to ensure their implementation in practice.